| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2016 | Volume
: 21
| Issue : 5 | Page : 458-463 |
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Antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine, matrica drop mouthwash (chamomile extract), and normal saline on hospitalized patients with endotracheal tubes
Maryam Azimi1, Leila Jouybari2, Shahram Moghadam3, Ezatolah Ghaemi4, Naser Behnampoor5, Akram Sanagoo2, Moslem Hesam1
1 Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
2 Nursing Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
3 Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
4 Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
5 Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Correspondence Address:
Leila Jouybari
Nursing Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan
Iran
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/1735-9066.193390
Clinical trial registration IRCT201204287821N1
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Background: The functions and use of mouthwashes are variable depending on their type. Oral care in patients with endotracheal tubes is important to prevent side effects such as pneumonia. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine, drop of Matrica mouthwash (chamomile extract), and normal saline on hospitalized patients with endotracheal tube in an intensive care unit (ICU).
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 39 patients admitted to the ICU were selected by convenience sampling, were matched based on age and sex, and randomly assigned to three groups (chlorhexidine, Matrica, saline). Mouth washing was performed every 8 to 48 hours. The samples were taken at time zero (before the intervention) and 48 hours after the intervention for bacterial culture. Antibacterial activity of each mouthwash on microorganisms was measured based on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumococcal, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, and Escherichia coli. The obtained data were then analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Package version 18.
Results: Chlorhexidine mouthwash was more effective in preventing colonization of bacteria in the mouth (point probability = 0.06) in comparison with chamomile and saline mouthwashes. Nevertheless, none of the tested mouthwashes were able to remove pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Acinetobacter.
Conclusions: 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash has a significant effect on the bacterial colonization rate in comparison with Matrica and normal saline mouthwashes in ICU hospitalized patients with endotracheal tube. |
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